Zumo 32U4 sumocollisiondetect example and more

Good Evening All
I have been taking up zumo 32U4 robot for a month and i am so new on this subject. Firstly, i assemblied the zumo32U4 kit and then i downloaded a program which an example is in file>examples> zumo32u4>sumocollisiondetect. However, the robot can detect black surface and white line, it doesn’t trace and search opponent one, detects a crash so late( it behaves as a crazy and just goes left right behind etc.) . Therefore , my robot became last at the contest.
Now i found a program about proximity sensors and compiled with the other collision example.

#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <Zumo32U4.h>

// #define LOG_SERIAL // write log output to serial port

Zumo32U4LCD lcd;
Zumo32U4ProximitySensors proxSensors;
Zumo32U4ButtonA button;

// Accelerometer Settings
#define RA_SIZE 3  // number of readings to include in running average of accelerometer readings
#define XY_ACCELERATION_THRESHOLD 2400  // for detection of contact (~16000 = magnitude of acceleration due to gravity)

// Reflectance Sensor Settings
#define NUM_SENSORS 5
unsigned int sensor_values[NUM_SENSORS];
// this might need to be tuned for different lighting conditions, surfaces, etc.
#define QTR_THRESHOLD  1000 // microseconds
Zumo32U4LineSensors sensors;

// Motor Settings
Zumo32U4Motors motors;

// these might need to be tuned for different motor types
#define REVERSE_SPEED     300 // 0 is stopped, 400 is full speed
#define TURN_SPEED        401
#define SEARCH_SPEED      203
#define SUSTAINED_SPEED   400 // switches to SUSTAINED_SPEED from FULL_SPEED after FULL_SPEED_DURATION_LIMIT ms
#define FULL_SPEED        406
#define STOP_DURATION     100 // ms
#define REVERSE_DURATION  200 // ms
#define TURN_DURATION     300 // ms

#define RIGHT 1
#define LEFT -1

enum ForwardSpeed { SearchSpeed, SustainedSpeed, FullSpeed };
ForwardSpeed _forwardSpeed;  // current forward speed setting
unsigned long full_speed_start_time;
#define FULL_SPEED_DURATION_LIMIT     252  // ms

// Sound Effects
Zumo32U4Buzzer buzzer;
const char sound_effect[] PROGMEM = "O4 T100 V15 L4 MS g12>c12>e12>G6>E12 ML>G2"; // "charge" melody
 // use V0 to suppress sound effect; v15 for max volume

 // Timing
unsigned long loop_start_time;
unsigned long last_turn_time;
unsigned long contact_made_time;
#define MIN_DELAY_AFTER_TURN          400  // ms = min delay before detecting contact event
#define MIN_DELAY_BETWEEN_CONTACTS   1000  // ms = min delay between detecting new contact event

// RunningAverage class
// based on RunningAverage library for Arduino
// source:  http://playground.arduino.cc/Main/RunningAverage
template <typename T>
class RunningAverage
{
  public:
    RunningAverage(void);
    RunningAverage(int);
    ~RunningAverage();
    void clear();
    void addValue(T);
    T getAverage() const;
    void fillValue(T, int);
  protected:
    int _size;
    int _cnt;
    int _idx;
    T _sum;
    T * _ar;
    static T zero;
};

// Accelerometer Class -- extends the LSM303 class to support reading and averaging the x-y acceleration
//   vectors from the onboard LSM303DLHC accelerometer/magnetometer
class Accelerometer : public LSM303
{
  typedef struct acc_data_xy
  {
    unsigned long timestamp;
    int x;
    int y;
    float dir;
  } acc_data_xy;

  public:
    Accelerometer() : ra_x(RA_SIZE), ra_y(RA_SIZE) {};
    ~Accelerometer() {};
    void enable(void);
    void getLogHeader(void);
    void readAcceleration(unsigned long timestamp);
    float len_xy() const;
    float dir_xy() const;
    int x_avg(void) const;
    int y_avg(void) const;
    long ss_xy_avg(void) const;
    float dir_xy_avg(void) const;
  private:
    acc_data_xy last;
    RunningAverage<int> ra_x;
    RunningAverage<int> ra_y;
};

Accelerometer lsm303;
boolean in_contact;  // set when accelerometer detects contact with opposing robot

// forward declaration
void setForwardSpeed(ForwardSpeed speed);

void setup()
{
  proxSensors.initThreeSensors();
  sensors.initFiveSensors();

  // Initialize the Wire library and join the I2C bus as a master
  Wire.begin();

  // Initialize LSM303
  lsm303.init();
  lsm303.enable();

#ifdef LOG_SERIAL
  lsm303.getLogHeader();
#endif

  randomSeed((unsigned int) millis());

  // Uncomment if necessary to correct motor directions:
  //motors.flipLeftMotor(true);
  //motors.flipRightMotor(true);

  ledYellow(1);
  buzzer.playMode(PLAY_AUTOMATIC);
  waitForButtonAndCountDown(false);
}

void waitForButtonAndCountDown(bool restarting)
{
#ifdef LOG_SERIAL
  Serial.print(restarting ? "Restarting Countdown" : "Starting Countdown");
  Serial.println();
#endif

  ledRed(0);

  ledYellow(1);
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.print(F("robocop A"));

  button.waitForButton();

  ledYellow(0);
  lcd.clear();

  // play audible countdown
  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
  {
    delay(1000);
    buzzer.playNote(NOTE_G(3), 50, 12);
  }
  delay(1000);
  buzzer.playFromProgramSpace(sound_effect);
  delay(1000);

  // reset loop variables
  in_contact = false;  // 1 if contact made; 0 if no contact or contact lost
  contact_made_time = 0;
  last_turn_time = millis();  // prevents false contact detection on initial acceleration
  _forwardSpeed = SearchSpeed;
  full_speed_start_time = 0;
}

void loop()
{
  if (button.isPressed())
  {
    // if button is pressed, stop and wait for another press to go again
    motors.setSpeeds(0, 0);
    button.waitForRelease();
    waitForButtonAndCountDown(true);
  }

  loop_start_time = millis();
  lsm303.readAcceleration(loop_start_time);
  sensors.read(sensor_values);

  if ((_forwardSpeed == FullSpeed) && (loop_start_time - full_speed_start_time > FULL_SPEED_DURATION_LIMIT))
  {
    setForwardSpeed(SustainedSpeed);
  }

  if (sensor_values[0] < QTR_THRESHOLD)
  {
    // if leftmost sensor detects line, reverse and turn to the right
    turn(RIGHT, true);
  }
  else if (sensor_values[NUM_SENSORS - 1] < QTR_THRESHOLD)
  {
    // if rightmost sensor detects line, reverse and turn to the left
    turn(LEFT, true);
  }
  else  // otherwise, go straight
  {
    if (check_for_contact()) on_contact_made();
    int speed = getForwardSpeed();
    motors.setSpeeds(speed, speed);
  }
}
void turnToStrongestProx() 
{
  int left,frontLeft,frontRight,right;
  int error;

  proxSensors.read();
  left=proxSensors.countsLeftWithLeftLeds();
  frontLeft=proxSensors.countsFrontWithLeftLeds();
  frontRight=proxSensors.countsFrontWithRightLeds();
  right=proxSensors.countsRightWithRightLeds();
  if(left>frontLeft&&left>frontRight&&left>=right) {
    motors.setSpeeds(-TURN_SPEED,TURN_SPEED);
    do {
      proxSensors.read();
    } while (proxSensors.countsFrontWithLeftLeds()<left);
  }  else if(right>frontLeft&&right>frontRight&&right>left) {
    motors.setSpeeds(TURN_SPEED,-TURN_SPEED);
    do {
      proxSensors.read();
    } while (proxSensors.countsFrontWithRightLeds()<right);
  }
  do {
    proxSensors.read();
    error=proxSensors.countsFrontWithRightLeds()-proxSensors.countsFrontWithLeftLeds();
    if(error>0){
      motors.setSpeeds(TURN_SPEED,-TURN_SPEED);
    } else if(error<0) {
      motors.setSpeeds(-TURN_SPEED,TURN_SPEED);
    }
  } while (error!=0);
  buzzer.playFrequency(440, 200, 15);
  motors.setSpeeds(0,0);
} 

// execute turn
// direction:  RIGHT or LEFT
// randomize: to improve searching
void turn(char direction, bool randomize)
{
#ifdef LOG_SERIAL
  Serial.print("turning ...");
  Serial.println();
#endif

  // assume contact lost
  on_contact_lost();

  static unsigned int duration_increment = TURN_DURATION / 4;

  // motors.setSpeeds(0,0);
  // delay(STOP_DURATION);
  motors.setSpeeds(-REVERSE_SPEED, -REVERSE_SPEED);
  delay(REVERSE_DURATION);
  motors.setSpeeds(TURN_SPEED * direction, -TURN_SPEED * direction);
  delay(randomize ? TURN_DURATION + (random(8) - 2) * duration_increment : TURN_DURATION);
  int speed = getForwardSpeed();
  motors.setSpeeds(speed, speed);
  last_turn_time = millis();
}

void setForwardSpeed(ForwardSpeed speed)
{
  _forwardSpeed = speed;
  if (speed == FullSpeed) full_speed_start_time = loop_start_time;
}

int getForwardSpeed()
{
  int speed;
  switch (_forwardSpeed)
  {
    case FullSpeed:
      speed = FULL_SPEED;
      break;
    case SustainedSpeed:
      speed = SUSTAINED_SPEED;
      break;
    default:
      speed = SEARCH_SPEED;
      break;
  }
  return speed;
}

// check for contact, but ignore readings immediately after turning or losing contact
bool check_for_contact()
{
  static long threshold_squared = (long) XY_ACCELERATION_THRESHOLD * (long) XY_ACCELERATION_THRESHOLD;
  return (lsm303.ss_xy_avg() >  threshold_squared) && \
    (loop_start_time - last_turn_time > MIN_DELAY_AFTER_TURN) && \
    (loop_start_time - contact_made_time > MIN_DELAY_BETWEEN_CONTACTS);
}

// sound horn and accelerate on contact -- fight or flight
void on_contact_made()
{
#ifdef LOG_SERIAL
  Serial.print("contact made");
  Serial.println();
#endif
  in_contact = true;
  contact_made_time = loop_start_time;
  setForwardSpeed(FullSpeed);
  buzzer.playFromProgramSpace(sound_effect);
  ledRed(1);
}

// reset forward speed
void on_contact_lost()
{
#ifdef LOG_SERIAL
  Serial.print("contact lost");
  Serial.println();
#endif
  in_contact = false;
  setForwardSpeed(SearchSpeed);
  ledRed(0);
}

// class Accelerometer -- member function definitions

// enable accelerometer only
// to enable both accelerometer and magnetometer, call enableDefault() instead
void Accelerometer::enable(void)
{
  // Enable Accelerometer
  // 0x27 = 0b00100111
  // Normal power mode, all axes enabled
  writeAccReg(LSM303::CTRL_REG1_A, 0x27);

  if (getDeviceType() == LSM303::device_DLHC)
  writeAccReg(LSM303::CTRL_REG4_A, 0x08); // DLHC: enable high resolution mode
}

void Accelerometer::getLogHeader(void)
{
  Serial.print("millis    x      y     len     dir  | len_avg  dir_avg  |  avg_len");
  Serial.println();
}

void Accelerometer::readAcceleration(unsigned long timestamp)
{
  readAcc();
  if (a.x == last.x && a.y == last.y) return;

  last.timestamp = timestamp;
  last.x = a.x;
  last.y = a.y;

  ra_x.addValue(last.x);
  ra_y.addValue(last.y);

#ifdef LOG_SERIAL
 Serial.print(last.timestamp);
 Serial.print("  ");
 Serial.print(last.x);
 Serial.print("  ");
 Serial.print(last.y);
 Serial.print("  ");
 Serial.print(len_xy());
 Serial.print("  ");
 Serial.print(dir_xy());
 Serial.print("  |  ");
 Serial.print(sqrt(static_cast<float>(ss_xy_avg())));
 Serial.print("  ");
 Serial.print(dir_xy_avg());
 Serial.println();
#endif
}

float Accelerometer::len_xy() const
{
  return sqrt(last.x*a.x + last.y*a.y);
}

float Accelerometer::dir_xy() const
{
  return atan2(last.x, last.y) * 180.0 / M_PI;
}

int Accelerometer::x_avg(void) const
{
  return ra_x.getAverage();
}

int Accelerometer::y_avg(void) const
{
  return ra_y.getAverage();
}

long Accelerometer::ss_xy_avg(void) const
{
  long x_avg_long = static_cast<long>(x_avg());
  long y_avg_long = static_cast<long>(y_avg());
  return x_avg_long*x_avg_long + y_avg_long*y_avg_long;
}

float Accelerometer::dir_xy_avg(void) const
{
  return atan2(static_cast<float>(x_avg()), static_cast<float>(y_avg())) * 180.0 / M_PI;
}



// RunningAverage class
// based on RunningAverage library for Arduino
// source:  http://playground.arduino.cc/Main/RunningAverage
// author:  Rob.Tillart@gmail.com
// Released to the public domain

template <typename T>
T RunningAverage<T>::zero = static_cast<T>(0);

template <typename T>
RunningAverage<T>::RunningAverage(int n)
{
  _size = n;
  _ar = (T*) malloc(_size * sizeof(T));
  clear();
}

template <typename T>
RunningAverage<T>::~RunningAverage()
{
  free(_ar);
}

// resets all counters
template <typename T>
void RunningAverage<T>::clear()
{
  _cnt = 0;
  _idx = 0;
  _sum = zero;
  for (int i = 0; i< _size; i++) _ar[i] = zero;  // needed to keep addValue simple
}

// adds a new value to the data-set
template <typename T>
void RunningAverage<T>::addValue(T f)
{
  _sum -= _ar[_idx];
  _ar[_idx] = f;
  _sum += _ar[_idx];
  _idx++;
  if (_idx == _size) _idx = 0;  // faster than %
  if (_cnt < _size) _cnt++;
}

// returns the average of the data-set added so far
template <typename T>
T RunningAverage<T>::getAverage() const
{
  if (_cnt == 0) return zero; // NaN ?  math.h
  return _sum / _cnt;
}

// fill the average with a value
// the param number determines how often value is added (weight)
// number should preferably be between 1 and size
template <typename T>
void RunningAverage<T>::fillValue(T value, int number)
{
  clear();
  for (int i = 0; i < number; i++)
  {
    addValue(value);
  }
}

First kindly request is that my robot is not next to me , it is forbidden to take out of office, Could someone load the program own zumo robot for me ? because the race will be on wednesday.
And second when i was soldering , i melted my motors encoder a bit and a blue led which is on behind left side, is always off position. Do they create a big fault?
Last, my robot wakes up 5,6 seconds ,pressed the A button later. Why?

Hello.

Manually testing your competition code on Zumos is not something we can do for you. If you have questions about your code or are having issues with what you are trying to do, please identify the specific trouble you are having by explaining what behavior you expect your robot to have and what your robot is actually doing. Then, you should post the simplest version of your code that should work but does not.

Can you post pictures or a video that shows the soldering damage and the region that should be lit with a blue LED on your Zumo 32U4?

As for your last question, the SumoCollisionDetect.ino code is intentionally delaying for five seconds after the “A” button is pressed, which is a common requirement for autonomous robot operation in mini-sumo. If you want to change this, you can modify or remove the delays in lines 198 to 205 of the SumoCollisionDetect sketch.

-Jon

Hi Jon Those 5 seconds, is there a way for that countdown to be displayed on the LCD display? i know an audible countdown on the Zumo 32U4 is possible but most of the time here, they ask for a visible countdown on the screen or with LED’s

Hello, stevelejeune.

I saw that you also created a new topic to ask this question, and I responded there. We generally prefer people create new topics for their questions instead of posting in other threads. So, in the future, please do that and keep all of your posts about a particular issue or question within your new topic.

-Jon